Power control design for non-orthogonal multiple access

ABSTRACT

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a user equipment may determine at least one of a downlink path loss value or an uplink path loss value associated with a base station; receive system information, a semi-persistently configured grant via RRC or a dynamic uplink grant via DCI from the base station, wherein the RRC signaling or the dynamic uplink grant identifies a power control value associated with one user or a plurality of users associated with the base station; and determine a transmit power for a data or control transmission based at least in part on at least one of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value and the power control value. Numerous other aspects are provided.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No.16/515,941, filed Jul. 18, 2019, entitled “POWER CONTROL DESIGN FORNON-ORTHOGONAL MULTIPLE ACCESS,” which claims priority to ProvisionalPatent Application No. 62/701,404, filed on Jul. 20, 2018, entitled“POWER CONTROL DESIGN FOR NON-ORTHOGONAL MULTIPLE ACCESS,” which arehereby expressly incorporated by reference herein.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wirelesscommunication, and more particularly to techniques and apparatuses forpower control design for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA).

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth,transmit power, and/or the like). Examples of such multiple-accesstechnologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, timedivision multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency-division multipleaccess (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access(OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multipleaccess (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE).LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by theThird Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

A wireless communication network may include a number of base stations(BSs) that can support communication for a number of user equipment(UEs). A user equipment (UE) may communicate with a base station (BS)via the downlink and uplink. The downlink (or forward link) refers tothe communication link from the BS to the UE, and the uplink (or reverselink) refers to the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will bedescribed in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, agNB, an access point (AP), a radio head, a transmit receive point (TRP),a new radio (NR) BS, a 5G Node B, and/or the like.

The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent user equipment to communicate on a municipal, national,regional, and even global level. New radio (NR), which may also bereferred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standardpromulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). NR isdesigned to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improvingspectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use ofnew spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards usingorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix(CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and/or SC-FDM (e.g.,also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) onthe uplink (UL), as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation.However, as the demand for mobile broadband access continues toincrease, there exists a need for further improvements in LTE and NRtechnologies. Preferably, these improvements should be applicable toother multiple access technologies and the telecommunication standardsthat employ these technologies.

SUMMARY

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a userequipment (UE), may include determining at least one of a downlink pathloss value or an uplink path loss value associated with a base stationand the UE; receiving an uplink grant from the base station, wherein theuplink grant identifies a power control value associated with the basestation; and determining a transmit power for a data or controltransmission based at least in part on at least one of the downlink pathloss value or the uplink path loss value and the power control value.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory andone or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory andthe one or more processors may be configured to determine at least oneof a downlink path loss value or an uplink path loss value associatedwith a base station and the UE; receive an uplink grant from the basestation, wherein the uplink grant identifies a power control valueassociated with the base station; and determine a transmit power for adata or control transmission based at least in part on at least one ofthe downlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value and the powercontrol value.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to determine at least one of a downlink pathloss value or an uplink path loss value associated with a base stationand the UE; receive an uplink grant from the base station, wherein theuplink grant identifies a power control value associated with the basestation; and determine a transmit power for a data or controltransmission based at least in part on at least one of the downlink pathloss value or the uplink path loss value and the power control value.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining at least one of a downlink path loss value or anuplink path loss value associated with a base station and the UE; meansfor receiving an uplink grant from the base station, wherein the uplinkgrant identifies a power control value associated with the base station;and means for determining a transmit power for a data or controltransmission based at least in part on at least one of the downlink pathloss value or the uplink path loss value and the power control value.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a userequipment (UE), may include receiving configuration informationidentifying one or more target receive powers for a data or controltransmission and corresponding configurations for uplink power controlassociated with the one or more target receive powers; measuring adownlink path loss value of the UE; selectively determining a combinedpath loss value, wherein the combined path loss value is determined whenthe downlink path loss value and an uplink path loss value are availablebased at least in part on the uplink path loss value being reported tothe UE by a base station; and determining at least one of a transmitpower or a configuration, of the corresponding configurations for uplinkpower control, for the uplink data or control transmission based atleast in part on at least one of the downlink path loss value, theuplink path loss value, or the combined path loss value, and based atleast in part on the configuration information.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory andone or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory andthe one or more processors may be configured to receive configurationinformation identifying one or more target receive powers for a data orcontrol transmission and corresponding configurations for uplink powercontrol associated with the one or more target receive powers; measure adownlink path loss value of the UE; selectively determine a combinedpath loss value, wherein the combined path loss value is determined whenthe downlink path loss value and an uplink path loss value are availablebased at least in part on the uplink path loss value being reported tothe UE by a base station; and determine at least one of a transmit poweror a configuration, of the corresponding configurations for uplink powercontrol, for the uplink data or control transmission based at least inpart on at least one of the downlink path loss value, the uplink pathloss value, or the combined path loss value, and based at least in parton the configuration information.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to receive configuration informationidentifying one or more target receive powers for a data or controltransmission and corresponding configurations for uplink power controlassociated with the one or more target receive powers; measure adownlink path loss value of the UE; selectively determine a combinedpath loss value, wherein the combined path loss value is determined whenthe downlink path loss value and an uplink path loss value are availablebased at least in part on the uplink path loss value being reported tothe UE by a base station; and determine at least one of a transmit poweror a configuration, of the corresponding configurations for uplink powercontrol, for the uplink data or control transmission based at least inpart on at least one of the downlink path loss value, the uplink pathloss value, or the combined path loss value, and based at least in parton the configuration information.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for receiving configuration information identifying one or moretarget receive powers for a data or control transmission andcorresponding configurations for uplink power control associated withthe one or more target receive powers; means for measuring a downlinkpath loss value of the apparatus; means for selectively determining acombined path loss value, wherein the combined path loss value isdetermined when the downlink path loss value and an uplink path lossvalue are available based at least in part on the uplink path loss valuebeing reported to the apparatus by a base station; and means fordetermining at least one of a transmit power or a configuration, of thecorresponding configurations for uplink power control, for the uplinkdata or control transmission based at least in part on at least one ofthe downlink path loss value, the uplink path loss value, or thecombined path loss value, and based at least in part on theconfiguration information.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a UE,may include determining a transmit power for a data or controltransmission, wherein the data or control transmission is a grant-freetransmission; performing the data or control transmission usingnon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in accordance with the transmitpower; determining that the data or control transmission has failed; andperforming a retransmission of the data or control transmission using agrant-based approach.

In some aspects, a UE for wireless communication may include memory andone or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. The memory andthe one or more processors may be configured to determine a transmitpower for a data or control transmission, wherein the data or controltransmission is a grant-free transmission; perform the data or controltransmission using NOMA in accordance with the transmit power; determinethat the data or control transmission has failed; and perform aretransmission of the data or control transmission using a grant-basedapproach.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to determine a transmit power for a data orcontrol transmission, wherein the data or control transmission is agrant-free transmission; perform the data or control transmission usingNOMA in accordance with the transmit power; determining that the data orcontrol transmission has failed; and perform a retransmission of thedata or control transmission using a grant-based approach.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for determining a transmit power for a data or controltransmission, wherein the data or control transmission is a grant-freetransmission; means for performing the data or control transmissionusing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in accordance with thetransmit power; means for determining that the data or controltransmission has failed; and means for performing a retransmission ofthe data or control transmission using a grant-based approach.

In some aspects, a method of wireless communication, performed by a basestation, may include transmitting, to a UE, configuration informationusing at least one of system information, radio resource controlsignaling, or a dynamic uplink grant, wherein the configurationinformation identifies one or more target receive powers for a data orcontrol transmission and corresponding configurations for uplink powercontrol associated with the one or more target receive powers;transmitting information indicating an uplink path loss value; andreceiving the data or control transmission, wherein a transmit power ofthe data or control transmission is based at least in part on at leastone of a downlink path loss value associated with the UE, the uplinkpath loss value, or a combined path loss value, and wherein the transmitpower is based at least in part on the configuration information.

In some aspects, a base station for wireless communication may includememory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory. Thememory and the one or more processors may be configured to transmit, toa UE, configuration information using at least one of systeminformation, radio resource control signaling, or a dynamic uplinkgrant, wherein the configuration information identifies one or moretarget receive powers for a data or control transmission andcorresponding configurations for uplink power control associated withthe one or more target receive powers; transmit information indicatingan uplink path loss value; and receive the data or control transmission,wherein a transmit power of the data or control transmission is based atleast in part on at least one of a downlink path loss value associatedwith the UE, the uplink path loss value, or a combined path loss value,and wherein the transmit power is based at least in part on theconfiguration information.

In some aspects, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may store oneor more instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to transmit, to a UE, configurationinformation using at least one of system information, radio resourcecontrol signaling, or a dynamic uplink grant, wherein the configurationinformation identifies one or more target receive powers for a data orcontrol transmission and corresponding configurations for uplink powercontrol associated with the one or more target receive powers; transmitinformation indicating an uplink path loss value; and receive the dataor control transmission, wherein a transmit power of the data or controltransmission is based at least in part on at least one of a downlinkpath loss value associated with the UE, the uplink path loss value, or acombined path loss value, and wherein the transmit power is based atleast in part on the configuration information.

In some aspects, an apparatus for wireless communication may includemeans for transmitting, to a UE, configuration information using atleast one of system information, radio resource control signaling, or adynamic uplink grant, wherein the configuration information identifiesone or more target receive powers for a data or control transmission andcorresponding configurations for uplink power control associated withthe one or more target receive powers; means for transmittinginformation indicating an uplink path loss value; and means forreceiving the data or control transmission, wherein a transmit power ofthe data or control transmission is based at least in part on at leastone of a downlink path loss value associated with the UE, the uplinkpath loss value, or a combined path loss value, and wherein the transmitpower is based at least in part on the configuration information.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer programproduct, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, basestation, wireless communication device, and processing system assubstantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated bythe accompanying drawings and specification.

The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technicaladvantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that thedetailed description that follows may be better understood. Additionalfeatures and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conceptionand specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis formodifying or designing other structures for carrying out the samepurposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do notdepart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of theconcepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method ofoperation, together with associated advantages will be better understoodfrom the following description when considered in connection with theaccompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose ofillustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits ofthe claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can beunderstood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarizedabove, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustratedin the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appendeddrawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure andare therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for thedescription may admit to other equally effective aspects. The samereference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similarelements.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of awireless communication network, in accordance with various aspects ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example of a basestation in communication with a UE in a wireless communication network,in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of power control forgrant-based NOMA, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of power control forgrant-free NOMA, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of configuration informationfor power control for grant-free NOMA, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, forexample, by a user equipment, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, forexample, by a user equipment, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, forexample, by a user equipment, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, forexample, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafterwith reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may,however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construedas limited to any specific structure or function presented throughoutthis disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that thisdisclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey thescope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Based on theteachings herein one skilled in the art should appreciate that the scopeof the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosuredisclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined withany other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may beimplemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspectsset forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intendedto cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using otherstructure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition toor other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. Itshould be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed hereinmay be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented withreference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses andtechniques will be described in the following detailed description andillustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules,components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, and/or the like(collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may beimplemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whethersuch elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon theparticular application and design constraints imposed on the overallsystem.

It should be noted that while aspects may be described herein usingterminology commonly associated with 3G and/or 4G wireless technologies,aspects of the present disclosure can be applied in othergeneration-based communication systems, such as 5G and later, includingNR technologies.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a network 100 in which aspects of thepresent disclosure may be practiced. The network 100 may be an LTEnetwork or some other wireless network, such as a 5G or NR network.Wireless network 100 may include a number of BSs 110 (shown as BS 110 a,BS 110 b, BS 110 c, and BS 110 d) and other network entities. A BS is anentity that communicates with user equipment (UEs) and may also bereferred to as a base station, a NR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5G node B(NB), an access point, a transmit receive point (TRP), and/or the like.Each BS may provide communication coverage for a particular geographicarea. In 3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a BSand/or a BS subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on thecontext in which the term is used.

A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, afemto cell, and/or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover arelatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius)and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. Apico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allowunrestricted access by UEs with service subscription. A femto cell maycover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allowrestricted access by UEs having association with the femto cell (e.g.,UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may bereferred to as a macro BS. A BS for a pico cell may be referred to as apico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or ahome BS. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a BS 110 a may be a macro BSfor a macro cell 102 a, a BS 110 b may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102b, and a BS 110 c may be a femto BS for a femto cell 102 c. A BS maysupport one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. The terms “eNB”, “basestation”, “NR BS”, “gNB”, “TRP”, “AP”, “node B”, “5G NB”, and “cell” maybe used interchangeably herein.

In some aspects, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and thegeographic area of the cell may move according to the location of amobile BS. In some aspects, the BSs may be interconnected to one anotherand/or to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in theaccess network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces such asa direct physical connection, a virtual network, and/or the like usingany suitable transport network.

Wireless network 100 may also include relay stations. A relay station isan entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstreamstation (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the data to adownstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be aUE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In the example shown inFIG. 1, a relay station 110 d may communicate with macro BS 110 a and aUE 120 d in order to facilitate communication between BS 110 a and UE120 d. A relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, a relaybase station, a relay, and/or the like.

Wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs ofdifferent types, e.g., macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, relay BSs, and/orthe like. These different types of BSs may have different transmit powerlevels, different coverage areas, and different impact on interferencein wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may have a high transmitpower level (e.g., 5 to 40 Watts) whereas pico BSs, femto BSs, and relayBSs may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 Watts).

A network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and may providecoordination and control for these BSs. Network controller 130 maycommunicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs may also communicatewith one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via a wireless orwireline backhaul.

UEs 120 (e.g., 120 a, 120 b, 120 c) may be dispersed throughout wirelessnetwork 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. A UE may also bereferred to as an access terminal, a terminal, a mobile station, asubscriber unit, a station, and/or the like. A UE may be a cellularphone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), awireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, alaptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station,a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, anultrabook, a medical device or equipment, a biometric sensor or device,a wearable device (smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smartwrist bands, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet)), anentertainment device (e.g., a music or video device, or a satelliteradio), a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter or sensor,industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device,or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via awireless or wired medium.

Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolvedor enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEsinclude, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters,monitors, location tags, and/or the like, that may communicate with abase station, another device (e.g., remote device), or some otherentity. A wireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or toa network (e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellularnetwork) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may beconsidered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, and/or may be implementedas NB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs may beconsidered a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 may be includedinside a housing that houses components of UE 120, such as processorcomponents, memory components, and/or the like.

In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a givengeographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT andmay operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may also be referred to asa radio technology, an air interface, and/or the like. A frequency mayalso be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, and/or the like.Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area inorder to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120 a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g.,without using a base station 110 as an intermediary to communicate withone another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicate usingpeer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D)communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which mayinclude a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I) protocol, and/or the like), a mesh network, and/or the like. Inthis case, the UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resourceselection operations, and/or other operations described elsewhere hereinas being performed by the base station 110.

As indicated above, FIG. 1 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples may differ from what is described with regard to FIG. 1.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a design 200 of base station 110 and UE120, which may be one of the base stations and one of the UEs in FIG. 1.Base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234 a through 234 t,and UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252 a through 252 r, where ingeneral T≥1 and R≥1.

At base station 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from adata source 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation andcoding schemes (MCS) for each UE based at least in part on channelquality indicators (CQIs) received from the UE, process (e.g., encodeand modulate) the data for each UE based at least in part on the MCS(s)selected for the UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmitprocessor 220 may also process system information (e.g., for semi-staticresource partitioning information (SRPI) and/or the like) and controlinformation (e.g., CQI requests, grants, upper layer signaling, and/orthe like) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitprocessor 220 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals(e.g., the cell-specific reference signal (CRS)) and synchronizationsignals (e.g., the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and secondarysynchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing(e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overheadsymbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide Toutput symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232 a through 232 t. Eachmodulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., forOFDM and/or the like) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator232 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, andupconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Tdownlink signals from modulators 232 a through 232 t may be transmittedvia T antennas 234 a through 234 t, respectively. According to variousaspects described in more detail below, the synchronization signals canbe generated with location encoding to convey additional information.

At UE 120, antennas 252 a through 252 r may receive the downlink signalsfrom base station 110 and/or other base stations and may providereceived signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254 a through 254 r,respectively. Each demodulator 254 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify,downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples.Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (e.g., forOFDM and/or the like) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256may obtain received symbols from all R demodulators 254 a through 254 r,perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, andprovide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g.,demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control information andsystem information to a controller/processor 280. A channel processormay determine reference signal received power (RSRP), received signalstrength indicator (RSSI), reference signal received quality (RSRQ),channel quality indicator (CQI), and/or the like. In some aspects, oneor more components of UE 120 may be included in a housing.

On the uplink, at UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive andprocess data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., forreports comprising RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, CQI, and/or the like) fromcontroller/processor 280. Transmit processor 264 may also generatereference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols fromtransmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 ifapplicable, further processed by modulators 254 a through 254 r (e.g.,for DFT-s-OFDM, CP-OFDM, and/or the like), and transmitted to basestation 110. At base station 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 andother UEs may be received by antennas 234, processed by demodulators232, detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and furtherprocessed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and controlinformation sent by UE 120. Receive processor 238 may provide thedecoded data to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information tocontroller/processor 240. Base station 110 may include communicationunit 244 and communicate to network controller 130 via communicationunit 244. Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294,controller/processor 290, and memory 292.

Controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform one ormore techniques associated with power control design for NOMA, asdescribed in more detail elsewhere herein. For example,controller/processor 240 of base station 110, controller/processor 280of UE 120, and/or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform or directoperations of, for example, process 600 of FIG. 6, process 700 of FIG.7, and/or other processes as described herein. Memories 242 and 282 maystore data and program codes for base station 110 and UE 120,respectively. A scheduler 246 may schedule UEs for data transmission onthe downlink and/or uplink.

In some aspects, UE 120 may include means for determining at least oneof a downlink path loss value or an uplink path loss value associatedwith a base station; means for receiving an uplink grant from the basestation, wherein the uplink grant identifies a power control valueassociated with the base station; means for determining a transmit powerfor a data or control transmission based at least in part on at leastone of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value andthe power control value; means for providing at least one of a bufferstatus report or a power headroom value with the scheduling request;means for receiving the uplink path loss value in a medium accesscontrol control element; means for determining a combined path lossvalue based at least in part on the downlink path loss value and theuplink path loss value, wherein the transmit power is based at least inpart on the combined path loss value; means for determining the group ofthe UE; means for receiving information identifying a radio networktemporary identifier of the group of the UE; means for transmitting thedata or control transmission using the transmit power; means forreceiving configuration information identifying one or more targetreceive powers for a data or control transmission and correspondingconfigurations for uplink power control associated with the one or moretarget receive powers; means for determining a downlink path loss valueof the UE; means for selectively determining a combined path loss value,wherein the combined path loss value is determined when the downlinkpath loss value and an uplink path loss value are available; means fordetermining at least one of a transmit power or a configuration, of thecorresponding configurations for uplink power control, for the uplinkdata or control transmission based at least in part on at least one ofthe downlink path loss value, the uplink path loss value, or thecombined path loss value, and based at least in part on theconfiguration information; means for receiving information identifyingthe uplink path loss value; means for determining the uplink path lossvalue; means for determining a group of the UEs within a cell, of one ormore groups of UEs within the cell, wherein one or more target receivepowers and the corresponding configurations for uplink power control areto be determined by a network and are to be assigned to the one or moregroups of UEs; means for determining a transport format for the datatransmission according to the configuration; means for determining atleast one of a transmit power or a configuration for a repetition of theinitial data or control transmission based at least in part on at leastone of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value andthe configuration information; means for determining a selected targetreceive power of the one or more target receive powers, whereindetermining at least one of the transmit power or the configuration isbased at least in part on the selected target receive power; means fordetermining a transmit power for a data or control transmission, whereinthe data or control transmission is a grant-free transmission; means forperforming the data or control transmission using non-orthogonalmultiple access (NOMA) in accordance with the transmit power; means fordetermining that the data or control transmission has failed; means forperforming a retransmission of the data or control transmission using agrant-based approach; and/or the like. In some aspects, such means mayinclude one or more components of UE 120 described in connection withFIG. 2.

In some aspects, BS 110 may include means for transmitting, to a UE,configuration information using at least one of system information,radio resource control signaling, or a dynamic uplink grant, wherein theconfiguration information identifies one or more target receive powersfor a data or control transmission and corresponding configurations foruplink power control associated with the one or more target receivepowers; means for transmitting information indicating an uplink pathloss value; and means for receiving the data or control transmission,wherein a transmit power of the data or control transmission is based atleast in part on at least one of a downlink path loss value associatedwith the UE, the uplink path loss value, or a combined path loss value,and wherein the transmit power is based at least in part on theconfiguration information; and/or the like. In some aspects, such meansmay include one or more components of BS 110 described in connectionwith FIG. 2.

As indicated above, FIG. 2 is provided merely as an example. Otherexamples may differ from what is described with regard to FIG. 2.

A non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) transmission scheme may allowmultiple UEs to share time and frequency resources in a non-orthogonalfashion when transmitting respective uplink communications. In somecases, the NOMA transmission scheme may be designed with a goal to causethe multiple UEs to use different multiple access signatures inassociation with transmitting these respective overlapping transmissions(e.g., in order to allow a gNB to properly decode the overlappingtransmissions). For example, NOMA may be used in some NR applications,such as a two-step random access channel (RACH) procedure in which aRACH preamble and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) are combinedin a single message (e.g., MsgA) and a preamble response and a physicaldownlink shared channel (PDSCH) are combined in another message (e.g.,MsgB). NOMA may be used for grant-free transmissions and grant-basedtransmissions.

A UE and a base station may use uplink power control techniques todetermine an appropriate transmit power for the UE. Uplink power controlmay be important for successful operation of the UE, particularly inNOMA. For example, reliable power control may improve reliability ofreception of uplink physical channels and/or signals. Furthermore, someNOMA multiplexing and/or quality of service (QoS) schemes may be basedat least in part on varying power levels (e.g., the multiple accesssignature of a transmission may be based at least in part on one or morepower levels of the transmission). Still further, inter-cellinterference management may be important for successful deployment ofNOMA, and inter-cell interference may be reduced by reliable uplinkpower control techniques.

Some techniques and apparatuses described herein provide power controldesign for grant-based transmissions and/or grant-free transmissions.For example, some techniques and apparatuses described herein may beapplicable for NOMA transmissions. Some techniques and apparatusesdescribed herein may provide power control using a closed-loop approach,wherein both downlink and uplink path loss values may be used todetermine a transmit power for a UE. Additionally, or alternatively,some techniques and apparatuses described herein may provide powercontrol using an open-loop approach and/or in connection with UE groups.For example, a UE may identify a UE group and may determine a transmitpower based at least in part on information associated with the UE groupand based at least in part on a downlink path loss value and optionallyan uplink path loss value. Furthermore, some techniques and apparatusesdescribed herein provide for a grant-free first transmission (e.g., acontention-based first transmission) and a fallback to a grant-basedsecond transmission or retransmission (e.g., a contention-free secondtransmission) when the first transmission is unsuccessful In this way,reliability of uplink power control for UEs may be improved, which mayreduce inter-cell interference, improve diversity in QoS, and providehigher multiplexing capacity and/or spectral efficiency.

Some techniques and apparatuses described herein are described in thecontext of NOMA. However, some techniques and apparatuses describedherein may be applied for orthogonal multiple access (OMA) as well asNOMA. Furthermore, “path loss value” is used interchangeably with “pathloss estimation.” Furthermore, “UE group” is used interchangeably with“group of UEs.”

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of power control forgrant-based NOMA, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

As shown in FIG. 3, and by reference number 310, a UE 120 may receive areference signal from a BS 110. In some aspects, the reference signalmay include a downlink reference signal. For example, the referencesignal may include a synchronization signal (e.g., a primarysynchronization signal, a secondary synchronization signal, etc.), ademodulation reference signal (DMRS), a physical broadcast channel, achannel state information reference signal, a synchronization signalblock, system information (e.g., a system information block (SIB)),and/or the like. In some aspects, the reference signal may include aDMRS for broadcasting or multicasting common system information. Forexample, the reference signal may include a DMRS for a group commoncontrol channel (e.g., a group common physical downlink controlchannel), a DMRS for a remaining minimum system information (RMSI)carried by a physical downlink shared channel, and/or the like. In someaspects, the reference signal may be quasi-collocated (QCLed) with adata or control transmission (e.g., a NOMA transmission, an OMAtransmission, etc.) to be transmitted by the UE 120 (e.g., thetransmission shown by reference number 350), which may enable path lossestimation for the data or control transmission on the downlink and/orthe uplink.

As shown by reference number 320, the UE 120 may perform downlink pathloss estimation based at least in part on the reference signal. Forexample, the UE 120 may determine a downlink path loss value based atleast in part on the reference signal. In some aspects, the UE 120 maydetermine the downlink path loss value based at least in part on aphysical channel (e.g., a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) orphysical downlink control channel (PDCCH)). In some aspects, the UE 120may determine the downlink path loss value based at least in part on thereference signal being QCLed with one or more transmissions of the UE.

As shown by reference number 330, the UE 120 may provide a schedulingrequest (SR) to the BS 110. For example, the scheduling request may be arequest for the BS 110 to schedule uplink resources (e.g., NOMAresources, OMA resource, etc.) for a data or control transmission of theUE 120. In some aspects, the UE 120 may provide information with thescheduling request, such as a buffer status report (BSR), a powerheadroom report (PHR), and/or the like. The BS 110 may use the BSR, PHR,and/or the like to perform scheduling of the UE 120. In some aspects,the UE 120 may provide the scheduling request before starting a NOMAcommunication. In some aspects, the scheduling request may be QCLed withthe data or control transmission of the UE 120, which may enable uplinkpath loss estimation by the BS 110 using the scheduling request, asdescribed in more detail below. In some aspects, the UE 120 may providethe scheduling request using a sounding reference signal, a physicaluplink control channel, and/or the like. In some aspects, the UE 120 mayprovide the scheduling request as a reference signal or in associationwith a reference signal, such as a sounding reference signal, a DMRS(e.g., a DMRS of a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), etc.),and/or the like.

As shown by reference number 340, the BS 110 may perform schedulingbased at least in part on the scheduling request. For example, the BS110 may determine a resource (e.g., a NOMA resource, an OMA resource,etc.) for the UE based at least in part on the scheduling request, theBSR, the PHR, and/or the like. In some aspects, the BS 110 may determineinformation associated with scheduling the resource for the UE 120, suchas a bandwidth part selection, a spreading factor, an overloading ratio,a number of branches, a modulation scheme, a code rate, a permutationpattern, an interleaving pattern, a time hopping pattern, a frequencyhopping pattern, and/or the like.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may determine an uplink path loss valuebased at least in part on the scheduling request. For example, the BS110 may perform uplink path loss estimation using the scheduling request(or information associated with the scheduling request, or a signalassociated with the scheduling request). In some aspects, the BS 110 maydetermine the uplink path loss value based at least in part on thescheduling request being QCLed with the data or control transmission ofthe UE 120. In some aspects, the BS 110 may determine the uplink pathloss value based at least in part on a received signal strengthindicator (RSSI), a reference signal measurement, and/or the like.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may determine a transmit power control (TPC)value based at least in part on the scheduling request, the BSR, thePHR, and/or the uplink path loss value. For example, the BS 110 maydetermine that the UE 120 is to increase, decrease, or maintain atransmit power of the UE 120. The BS 110 may generate a TPC messagebased at least in part on the TPC value. For example, the TPC messagemay include one bit, two bits, or more than two bits that specify theTPC value for the UE 120. In some aspects, the TPC message may bespecific to NOMA. For example, the TPC message may use more than twobits provided in downlink control information (DCI). In some aspects,the TPC message may use a format associated with Release 15 of a 3GPPstandard for New Radio. For example, NR PDCCH DCI format 2_2 or 2_3 canbe re-used for NOMA group power control. In some aspects, a newdefinition for the step size of power control or the mapping table ofpower ramping can be introduced for DCI format 2_2 or 2_3. In someaspects, the TPC message may use a particular range and/or granularityassociated with closed-loop uplink power control (e.g., closed-loopuplink power control associated with NOMA, etc.).

As shown by reference number 350, the BS 110 may provide an uplink grantto the UE 120. As further shown, the uplink grant may be associated witha transmit power control (TPC) value, sometimes referred to herein as apower control value. For example, the uplink grant may include or beassociated with the TPC message. In some aspects, the uplink grant maybe provided using semi-persistent scheduling. For example, the uplinkgrant may be semi-persistently scheduled, which may be configured usingradio resource control (RRC) signaling. In some aspects, the uplinkgrant may be received dynamically. In some aspects, the uplink grantand/or the TPC message may be associated with a particular DCI format,such as a DCI format associated with NOMA TPC. In some aspects, the TPCvalue may be provided using two or more bits of control information in aDCI payload.

In some aspects, the uplink grant and/or the TPC message may beassociated with a particular radio network temporary identifier (RNTI).For example, the uplink grant and/or the TPC message may be associatedwith a RNTI specific to NOMA TPC. In some aspects, the uplink grantand/or the TPC message may be carried by UE-specific messaging, such asa UE-specific control channel. In some aspects, the uplink grant and/orthe TPC message may be carried by a control channel, such as a groupcommon PDCCH.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may provide information identifying theuplink path loss value to the UE 120. In some aspects, the BS 110 mayprovide the information identifying the uplink path loss value in amedium access control control element, downlink control information,radio resource control information, a data channel, and/or the like. Insuch a case, the UE 120 may determine a transmit power for the data orcontrol transmission based at least in part on the uplink path lossvalue and the downlink path loss value.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may determine a combined path loss valuebased at least in part on the uplink path loss value and the downlinkpath loss value. For example, the UE 120 may provide informationidentifying the downlink path loss value, and the BS 110 may determine acombined path loss value using the uplink path loss value and thedownlink path loss value. In such a case, the combined path loss valuemay be an average path loss value, a weighted combination, and/or thelike. In some aspects, the weighted combination may have differentweights for the uplink path loss value and for the downlink path lossvalue. In some aspects, the weighted combination may have differentweights for different UE groups of a cell. In some aspects, the UE 120may determine the combined path loss value.

As shown by reference number 360, the UE 120 may perform a firsttransmission (e.g., a data or control transmission) based at least inpart on the uplink grant. As further shown, the first transmission mayhave a transmit power T. For example, the UE 120 may determine thetransmit power based at least in part on the downlink path loss value,the uplink path loss value, and/or the combined path loss value.Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 120 may determine the transmitpower based at least in part on the TPC value (e.g., by increasing,decreasing, or maintaining a transmit power of the UE 120 in accordancewith the TPC value). In some aspects, the TPC value may specify thetransmit power. In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine aconfiguration associated with transmitting the data or controltransmission, such as a transport format and/or the like.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may determine a transmit power based atleast in part on configuration information. In some aspects, theconfiguration information may be provided to the UE 120 by the BS 110,as described in more detail in connection with reference number 410 ofFIG. 4, below. In some aspects, the configuration information mayidentify one or more UE groups of a cell. The configuration informationmay further identify respective configurations for power control for UEsof each UE group. The UE 120 may identify a UE group to which the UE 120belongs (e.g., based at least in part on a BSR, a PHR, signaling fromthe BS 110, etc.). The UE 120 may determine the configuration for powercontrol, and/or the transmit power, based at least in part on theconfiguration information. In some aspects, the configurationinformation may identify a reference signal resource configuration, suchas a reference signal resource index for measuring the path loss,grouping the UEs, and determining a transmit power, a NOMA-specificresource configuration, and/or the like. For a more detailed descriptionof the configuration information, refer to the description of FIG. 5,below.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may provide a TPC value for a UE group. Forexample, the BS 110 may provide a group common TPC message, which mayprovide more efficient handling of interference and path lossmeasurement than a UE-specific TPC message. In some aspects, the TPCvalue may be provided using a PDCCH, such as PDCCH DCI format 2_2,format 2_3, and/or the like. In some aspects, the TPC value may use aRNTI specific to NOMA UEs of a UE group. In some aspects, a DCI of theTPC value (e.g., a cyclic redundancy check of the DCI) may be scrambledusing the RNTI. In some aspects, the NR group-common PDCCH may be used.In such a case, the BS 110 may allocate more than two bits for thegroup-common TPC. In some aspects, the BS 110 may allocate one or twobits for the group-common TPC.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may perform multiple transmissions. Forexample, the UE 120 may perform the first transmission and one or morerepetitions of the first transmission (e.g., HARQ retransmissions, blindretransmissions, etc.) (not shown in FIG. 3). In some aspects, the UE120 may determine respective transmit powers for multiple transmissions.For example, the multiple transmissions may be associated with differenttransmit powers, different configurations for power control, and/or thelike. In some aspects, a UE group of the UE 120 may change betweentransmissions (e.g., the UE 120 may determine a different UE group for afirst transmission than for a second transmission).

As shown by reference number 370, the BS 110 may perform a hybridautomatic repeat request (HARQ) operation based at least in part on thefirst transmission and/or the at least one repetition of the firsttransmission. In some aspects, the BS 110 may receive the firsttransmission and/or the at least one repetition of the firsttransmission. In some aspects, the UE 120 may provide a singletransmission. In such a case, the BS 110 may receive and/or decode thesingle transmission. In other words, the techniques and apparatusesdescribed herein are not limited to those involving repetitiouscommunications. In this way, the UE 120 and the BS 110 may performuplink power control based at least in part on a closed loop and basedat least in part on downlink path loss values and uplink path lossvalues.

As indicated above, FIG. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 3.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of power control forgrant-free NOMA, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure.

As shown by reference number 410, a UE 120 may receive configurationinformation from a BS 110. The configuration information may includeinformation associated with determining a transmit power of the UE 120.As one example, the configuration information may include at least partof the information described in connection with FIGS. 3 and 5. As shownby reference number 420, the UE 120 may receive a reference signal fromthe BS 110. The reference signal is described in more detail inconnection with reference number 310 of FIG. 3, above. As shown byreference number 430, the UE 120 may perform downlink path lossestimation based at least in part on the reference signal. For example,the UE 120 may perform downlink path loss estimation based at least inpart on the reference signal (e.g., based at least in part on areference signal resource index of the reference signal indicated by theconfiguration information), as described in more detail in connectionwith reference 320 of FIG. 3.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may receive information identifying anuplink path loss value. For example, the BS 110 may provide theinformation identifying the uplink path loss value to the UE 120. Insome aspects, the BS 110 may determine the uplink path loss value basedat least in part on a previous transmission by the UE 120. In someaspects, the BS 110 may determine the uplink path loss value based atleast in part on a transmission by another UE 120. For example, the BS110 may determine the uplink path loss value based at least in part on atransmission by a UE 120 of a same UE group as the UE 120. In someaspects, the UE 120 may receive or determine information identifying acombined path loss value, as described in more detail elsewhere herein.

As shown by reference number 440, the UE 120 may determine a transmitpower and/or a transport format based at least in part on the downlinkpath loss value. For example, the UE 120 may determine the transmitpower and/or the transport format based at least in part on an uplinkpath loss value and/or a combined path loss value. In some aspects, theUE 120 may determine a configuration for a transmission, such as a dataor control transmission, based at least in part on the configurationinformation. For example, the UE 120 may determine a UE group of the UE120, and may determine the configuration in accordance with theconfiguration information. The configuration may identify information tobe used to determine the transmit power, as described in more detailbelow in connection with FIG. 5. In some aspects, the configuration mayidentify the transmit power and/or the transport format.

As shown by reference number 450, the UE 120 may transmit a firsttransmission (e.g., a data or control transmission) to the BS 110. Forexample, the UE 120 may transmit the first transmission using thetransmit power and/or the transport format, as described in more detailabove in connection with FIG. 3.

As shown by reference number 460, the UE 120 may determine a transmitpower and/or a transport format for a second transmission. Here, thesecond transmission is a blind repetition of the first transmission,shown by reference number 470. In some aspects, the second transmissionmay be different than the first transmission (e.g., may not be arepetition of the first transmission). The UE 120 may determine thetransmit power and/or the transport format in a fashion similar to thatdescribed above in connection with reference number 440.

In some aspects, the second transmission may be associated with adifferent power level and/or transport format than the firsttransmission. In some aspects, the UE 120 may use differentconfiguration information to determine the first transmission and thesecond transmission. In some aspects, a resource configuration of thefirst transmission may be different than a resource configuration of thesecond transmission.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may use a grant-free transmission scheme(described in connection with FIG. 4) for a first transmission and/or asecond transmission, and may use a grant-based transmission scheme(described in connection with FIG. 3) for a retransmission. For example,if a first transmission fails as a grant-free transmission, the UE 120may use the grant-based approach for a retransmission of the firsttransmission, which improves reliability of the retransmission.Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 120 may use a different multipleaccess scheme for a first transmission and a second transmission. Forexample, the UE 120 may use NOMA (e.g., grant-free NOMA) for a firsttransmission, and may use OMA (e.g., grant-free OMA or grant-based OMA)for a second transmission. In this way, the UE 120 may improvereliability of the retransmission. This may be particularly useful for a2-step RACH preamble/payload transmission. For example, the UE 120 mayuse a grant-free transmission scheme for a first transmission (e.g., acontention-based transmission) of the preamble/payload, and may fallback to a grant-based transmission scheme for a retransmission of thepreamble/payload if the first transmission is unsuccessful.

As shown by reference number 470, the UE 120 may transmit the secondtransmission (e.g., the repetition of the first transmission). Forexample, the UE 120 may transmit the second transmission using thetransmit power and/or the transport format for the second transmission.In this way, the UE 120 may determine transmit power for a firsttransmission and/or a second transmission in a grant-free transmissionscheme based at least in part on open loop power control. As shown byreference number 480, the BS 110 may perform a HARQ procedure based atleast in part on the first transmission and the second transmission, asdescribed in more detail elsewhere herein.

As indicated above, FIG. 4 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 4.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 of configurationinformation for power control for NOMA, in accordance with variousaspects of the present disclosure. The configuration information shownin FIG. 5 is an example of configuration information that can be used todetermine a transmit power for a UE in a grant-based transmission schemeor a grant-free transmission scheme.

As shown by reference number 510, a cell may be associated with a set ofUE groups. Here, UEs of the UE groups 1, 2, and 3 may be locateddifferent distances from BS 110. However, a UE group may not necessarilybe based on a location of the UE 120. For example, a UE 120 maydetermine a UE group based at least in part on a PHR, a BSR, a bandwidthof the UE 120, and/or the like.

As shown, the configuration information may be associated with a table520. As further shown, the table 520 includes rows corresponding to UEgroups 1, 2, and 3. Each UE 120 associated with a particular UE group jmay use a same target received power (P₀(j)), physical resource block(PRB) size (M(j)), path loss compensation factor (α(j)), TBS range ([Aj,Bj]), scrambling code seed (sj), spreading factor (SFj), number ofbranches (Nj), modulation per branch (Qj), and/or code rate (Rj). ThePRB size M(j) may correspond to a bandwidth of the UE group.Furthermore, each UE group may be associated with a range of powerheadroom values [Uj, Vj]. In some aspects, UE 120 may select the UEgroup based at least in part on a power headroom of the UE 120. In someaspects, a subset of this information may be provided in theconfiguration information. In some aspects, information other than theabove information may be provided in the configuration information. Forexample, the configuration information may identify respective transportformats of the UE groups, a power domain multiplexing scheme, and/or thelike.

In some aspects, a UE 120 may determine a transmit power based at leastin part on the configuration information. For example, the UE 120 mayfirst determine a path loss value (e.g., a downlink path loss value) ofPL(i) (e.g., using a reference signal associated with a reference signalindex identified by a resource configuration of the configurationinformation). When the BSR and/or PHR of the UE 120 fall within a rangeof a UE group j of the table 520, and when the UE is configured toperform grant-free open-loop power control, the UE 120 may determine thetransmit power as P_(TX,open-loop)(i)=10log(M(j))+P₀(j)+α(j)(PL(i))+Δ_(TF)(j), wherein Δ_(TF)(j) is a functionof modulation and coding scheme, spreading factor, and number ofbranches. In some aspects, the transmit power equation for open-looppower control may be used to determine a transmit power for a PUSCH of a2-step RACH procedure.

When the BSR and/or PHR of the UE 120 fall within a range of a UE groupj of the table 520, and when the UE is configured to perform closed-looppower control, the UE 120 may determine the transmit power asP_(TX,closed-loop)(i)=10 log(M(j))+P₀(j)+α(j)(PL(i))+Δ_(TF)(j)+f(j),wherein f(j) is a group-common TPC value used by the UE group j. In thisway, the UE 120 may determine a configuration (e.g., one or more of thevalues specified in the table 520) based at least in part on a UE groupof the UE 120, and may determine a transmit power based at least in parton the configuration. The above rules may be referred to as powerreduction priority rules.

As indicated above, FIG. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples maydiffer from what is described with respect to FIG. 5.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example process 600 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. Example process 600 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120)performs closed-loop power control.

As shown in FIG. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include determiningat least one of a downlink path loss value or an uplink path loss valueassociated with a base station (block 610). For example, the UE (e.g.,using controller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine at leastone of a downlink path loss value or an uplink path loss value. In someaspects, the UE may receive information identifying the uplink path lossvalue. In some aspects, the UE may receive or determine informationidentifying a combined path loss value (e.g., a combination of thedownlink path loss value and the uplink path loss value).

As shown in FIG. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include receivingan uplink grant from the base station, wherein the uplink grantidentifies a power control value associated with the base station (block620). For example, the UE (e.g., using antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMOdetector 256, receive processor 258, controller/processor 280, and/orthe like) may receive an uplink grant from the base station. The uplinkgrant may identify or be associated with a power control value (e.g., aTPC value) associated with the base station. For example, the powercontrol value may be determined by the base station.

As shown in FIG. 6, in some aspects, process 600 may include determininga transmit power for a data or control transmission based at least inpart on at least one of the downlink path loss value or the uplink pathloss value and the power control value (block 630). For example, the UE(e.g., using controller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine atransmit power for a data or control transmission (e.g., a NOMAtransmission, an OMA transmission, an initial transmission, aretransmission, a repetition of a transmission, etc.). In some aspects,the transmit power may be based at least in part on the downlink pathloss value, the uplink path loss value, and/or the power control value.

Process 600 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the downlink path loss value is based at least inpart on a reference signal that is quasi-collocated with the data orcontrol transmission. In a second aspect, alone or in combination withthe first aspect, the downlink path loss value is based at least in parton a group common control channel or a downlink data channel forbroadcasting and multicasting common system information. In a thirdaspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of the firstthrough second aspects, the uplink grant is received based at least inpart on a scheduling request provided to the base station, wherein thepower control value is based at least in part on the uplink path lossvalue, and wherein the uplink path loss value is determined using aphysical channel or a reference signal associated with the schedulingrequest. In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with any one ormore of the first through third aspects, the data or controltransmission is to be transmitted using non-orthogonal multiple access.The UE may provide at least one of a buffer status report or a powerheadroom value with the scheduling request.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through fourth aspects, the UE may receive the uplink path lossvalue in a medium access control control element; and determine acombined path loss value based at least in part on the downlink pathloss value and the uplink path loss value, wherein the transmit power isbased at least in part on the combined path loss value.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through fifth aspects, the uplink grant carrying the power controlvalue is transmitted using UE-specific control signaling. In a seventhaspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of the firstthrough sixth aspects, at least a part of the uplink grant carrying thepower control value is received using a group common control channel. Inan eighth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through seventh aspects, the power control value is indicatedusing two or more bits of control information in a downlink controlinformation payload. In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with anyone or more of the first through eighth aspects, the transmit power forthe data or control transmission is determined based at least in part onat least one of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path lossvalue and a power headroom for a group of the UE.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through ninth aspects, the UE may determine the group of the UE;or receive information identifying a radio network temporary identifierof the group of the UE. In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combinationwith any one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the UE maytransmit the data or control transmission using the transmit power. In atwelfth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through eleventh aspects, the transmit power is based at least inpart on a weighted combination of at least two of the downlink path lossvalue, the uplink path loss value, and the power control value, andweights for the weighted combination are different for different UEgroups within a cell. In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combinationwith any one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the data orcontrol transmission comprises a contention-based random access channeltransmission.

Although FIG. 6 shows example blocks of process 600, in some aspects,process 600 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 6.Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 600may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. Example process 700 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120)performs power control based at least in part on configurationinformation.

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include receivingconfiguration information identifying one or more target receive powersfor a data or control transmission and corresponding configurations foruplink power control associated with the one or more target receivepowers (block 710). For example, the UE (e.g., using antenna 252, DEMOD254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, controller/processor 280,and/or the like) may receive configuration information. Theconfiguration information may identify a target receive power for a dataor control transmission. For example, the configuration information mayidentify the target receive power for data or control transmissions of aUE group. The configuration information may identify a correspondingconfiguration for uplink power control, and the correspondingconfiguration may be associated with the target receive power (and/orthe UE group).

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include measuring adownlink path loss value of the UE (block 720). For example, the UE(e.g., using antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256, receiveprocessor 258, controller/processor 280, and/or the like) may measure adownlink path loss value. In some aspects, the UE may measure thedownlink path loss value based at least in part on a reference signalreceived from a base station.

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include selectivelydetermining a combined path loss value, wherein the combined path lossvalue is determined when the downlink path loss value and an uplink pathloss value are available based at least in part on the uplink path lossvalue being reported to the UE by a base station (block 730). Forexample, in some aspects, the UE (e.g., using controller/processor 280and/or the like) may selectively determine a combined path loss value.For example, the UE may determine the combined path loss value when thedownlink path loss value and an uplink path loss value are available,and may not determine the combined path loss value otherwise. The uplinkpath loss value may be available based at least in part on the uplinkpath loss value being reported to the UE by a base station. For example,the base station may determine the uplink path loss value based at leastin part on a reference signal (e.g., an SRS and/or the like) transmittedby the UE. The base station may report the uplink path loss value to theUE. The reference signal transmission by the UE and the reporting of theuplink path loss value may occur before the transmission of the data orcontrol transmission. In some aspects, the uplink path loss value may beincluded in a downlink signal that triggers transmission of the data orcontrol transmission.

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include determiningat least one of a transmit power or a configuration, of thecorresponding configurations for uplink power control, for the data orcontrol transmission based at least in part on at least one of thedownlink path loss value, the uplink path loss value, or the combinedpath loss value, and based at least in part on the configurationinformation (block 740). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280 and/or the like) may determine a transmit powerand/or a configuration. The configuration may be one of thecorresponding configurations for uplink power control. The transmitpower and/or the configuration may be for the data or controltransmission. The transmit power may be based at least in part on theconfiguration information, and may be based at least in part on thedownlink path loss value, the uplink path loss value, and/or thecombined path loss value. For example, the transmit power may bedetermined using the downlink path loss value or the uplink path lossvalue when only one of these values has been determined and/or when thecombined path loss value has not been determined, or may be determinedusing the combined path loss value when the combined path loss value hasbeen determined.

Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the UE may receive information identifying the uplinkpath loss value or transmit a reference signal, on an uplink, to enablethe base station to determine the uplink path loss value before the dataor control transmission. In a second aspect, alone or in combinationwith the first aspect, the UE may select a group of UEs within a cell,of one or more groups of UEs within the cell, wherein one or more targetreceive powers and corresponding configurations for uplink power controlare assigned to the one or more groups of UEs, and wherein determiningthe transmit power is further based at least in part on a target receivepower corresponding to the group of UEs. In a third aspect, alone or incombination with any one or more of the first through second aspects,the UE may determine a transport format for the data transmissionaccording to the configuration, wherein the transport format for thedata or control transmission includes at least one of a medium accesscontrol (MAC) control element (CE) generated by an upper layer, uplinkcontrol information (UCI) multiplexed with an uplink data channel of thedata or control transmission, or a physical uplink control channel(PUCCH). In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with any one ormore of the first through third aspects, the downlink path loss value isbased at least in part on a group common control channel of the UE or adownlink data channel for broadcasting and multicasting common systeminformation.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through fourth aspects, the data or control transmission is aninitial data or control transmission. The UE may determine at least oneof a transmit power or a configuration for a retransmission of theinitial data transmission based at least in part on at least one of thedownlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value and theconfiguration information. In a sixth aspect, alone or in combinationwith any one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the transmitpower or a transport format for the retransmission of the initial datatransmission is different than the transmit power or a transport formatfor the initial data transmission.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through sixth aspects, the configuration is associated withnon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and the configuration identifiesat least one of: a NOMA-specific resource configuration in at least oneof a time domain, a frequency domain, a code domain, or a space domain,or a power domain multiplexing scheme.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through seventh aspects, the configuration information is receivedfrom a base station using radio resource control signaling or groupcommon signaling, and the configuration information is associated withmultiple UEs including the UE. In a ninth aspect, alone or incombination with any one or more of the first through eighth aspects,the UE may determine a selected target receive power of the one or moretarget receive powers associated with the corresponding configurationsbased at least in part on at least one of a power headroom or a bufferstatus of the UE, wherein determining at least one of the transmit poweror the configuration is based at least in part on the selected targetreceive power. In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with any oneor more of the first through ninth aspects, the selected target receivepower is determined based at least in part on at least one of a powerheadroom or a buffer status of the UE. In an eleventh aspect, alone orin combination with any one or more of the first through tenth aspects,the data or control transmission comprises a contention-based randomaccess channel transmission.

In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through eleventh aspects, the UE may determine a transmit powerfor a retransmission of the initial data or control transmission. In athirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with any one or more of thefirst through twelfth aspects, determining the transmit power for theretransmission uses a same reference signal resource configuration formeasuring the downlink path loss value and determining the transmitpower for the initial data or control transmission.

Although FIG. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects,process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 7.Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, forexample, by a UE, in accordance with various aspects of the presentdisclosure. Example process 800 is an example where a UE (e.g., UE 120and/or the like) performs operations associated with power controldesign for non-orthogonal multiple access.

As shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include determininga transmit power for a data or control transmission, wherein the data orcontrol transmission is a grant-free transmission (block 810). Forexample, the UE (e.g., using antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMO detector 256,receive processor 258, controller/processor 280, and/or the like) maydetermine a transmit power for a data or control transmission, asdescribed above. For example, the UE may use the techniques described inconnection with FIGS. 3-5 to determine the transmit power for the dataor control transmission. In some aspects, the data or controltransmission is a grant-free transmission. In some aspects, the data orcontrol transmission may include one or more transmissions associatedwith a 2-step RACH procedure, such as a MsgA of the 2-step RACHprocedure. In such a case, the contention-based PUSCH transmission ofthe MsgA may use grant-free NOMA. For example, different UEs may sharethe same time and/or frequency resources in a non-orthogonal fashion.

As further shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may includeperforming the data or control transmission using NOMA in accordancewith the transmit power (block 820). For example, the UE (e.g., usingcontroller/processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266,MOD 254, antenna 252, and/or the like) may perform the data or controltransmission using NOMA in accordance with the transmit power, asdescribed above.

As further shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may includedetermining that the data or control transmission has failed (block830). For example, the UE (e.g., using antenna 252, DEMOD 254, MIMOdetector 256, receive processor 258, controller/processor 280, and/orthe like) may determine that the data or control transmission hasfailed, as described above. In some aspects, the UE may determine thatmultiple repetitions of the data or control transmission have failed,such as a set number of repetitions, all repetitions, and/or the like.

As further shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may includeperforming a retransmission of the data or control transmission using agrant-based approach (block 840). For example, the user equipment (e.g.,using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264,controller/processor 280, memory 282, and/or the like) may perform aretransmission of the data or control transmission using a grant-basedapproach, as described above. The retransmission may be a retransmissionof at least part of the data or control transmission, such as a PUSCH ofthe data or control transmission. In some aspects, the UE may transmitthe PUSCH on a granted resource.

Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect orany combination of aspects described below and/or in connection with oneor more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, the retransmission uses orthogonal multiple access inat least one of a time domain, a frequency domain, a code domain, or aspatial domain.

In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, theretransmission uses NOMA. For example, the retransmission may use ashared time and/or frequency resource.

In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstand second aspects, determining the transmit power is based at least inpart on a NOMA-specific resource configuration for reference signals,data, and control information.

In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through third aspects, the NOMA-specific resource configurationincludes an indication of a reference signal resource index fordetermining the transmit power.

In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough fourth aspects, the data or control transmission comprises arandom access preamble and an uplink data or control channel associatedwith respective transmit powers, wherein determining the transmit powerfor the random access preamble and for the shared channel is based atleast in part on the NOMA-specific resource configuration.

In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough fifth aspects, determining the transmit power for the data orcontrol transmission is based at least in part on a downlink path lossvalue of the UE. For example, the UE may use a reference signalassociated with a reference signal resource index identified byconfiguration information (e.g., a resource configuration) of the UE. Insome aspects, the UE may use the same reference signal resource index todetermine the retransmission's transmit power and the data or controltransmission's transmit power.

In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through sixth aspects, determining the transmit power for the dataor control transmission is based at least in part on a grant-freeopen-loop power control technique.

In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of thefirst through seventh aspects, the grant-free open-loop power controltechnique is based at least in part on a UE group of the UE.

In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough eighth aspects, the UE group of the UE is assigned based atleast in part on a bandwidth (e.g., a PRB size) of the UE.

In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the firstthrough ninth aspects, the UE is associated with the UE group based atleast in part on a modulation order or a code rate of the UE.

Although FIG. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects,process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 8.Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, forexample, by a base station, in accordance with various aspects of thepresent disclosure. Example process 900 is an example where a basestation (e.g., base station 110 and/or the like) performs operationsassociated with power control design for non-orthogonal multiple access.

As shown in FIG. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may includetransmitting, to a UE, configuration information using at least one ofsystem information, radio resource control signaling, or a dynamicuplink grant, wherein the configuration information identifies one ormore target receive powers for a data or control transmission andcorresponding configurations for uplink power control associated withthe one or more target receive powers (block 910). For example, the basestation (e.g., using controller/processor 240, transmit processor 220,TX MIMO processor 230, MOD 232, antenna 234, and/or the like) maytransmit, to a UE, configuration information using at least one ofsystem information, radio resource control signaling, or a dynamicuplink grant, as described above. In some aspects, the configurationinformation identifies one or more target receive powers for a data orcontrol transmission and corresponding configurations for uplink powercontrol associated with the one or more target receive powers.

As further shown in FIG. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may includetransmitting information indicating an uplink path loss value (block920). For example, the base station (e.g., using transmit processor 220,receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory 242, and/or thelike) may transmit information indicating an uplink path loss value, asdescribed above. In some aspects, the base station may determine theuplink path loss value. For example, the base station may determine theuplink path loss value based at least in part on a reference signaltransmitted by a UE. The UE may transmit the reference signal, and thebase station may determine the uplink path loss value, before a data orcontrol transmission is transmitted by the UE.

As further shown in FIG. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may includereceiving the data or control transmission, wherein a transmit power ofthe data or control transmission is based at least in part on at leastone of a downlink path loss value associated with the UE, the uplinkpath loss value, or a combined path loss value, and wherein the transmitpower is based at least in part on the configuration information (block930). For example, the base station (e.g., using transmit processor 220,receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory 242, and/or thelike) may receive the data or control transmission, as described above.In some aspects, a transmit power of the data or control transmission isbased at least in part on at least one of a downlink path loss valueassociated with the UE, the uplink path loss value, or a combined pathloss value. For example, the transmit power may be based at least inpart on the combined path loss value when the UE has determined thecombined path loss value (e.g., using the uplink path loss value and thedownlink path loss value). The transmit power may be based at least inpart on the uplink path loss value or the downlink path loss value whenthe UE has determined or received information identifying one of theuplink path loss value or the downlink path loss value. In some aspects,the transmit power is based at least in part on the configurationinformation.

In some aspects, the base station may provide a grant for a data orcontrol transmission based at least in part on the data or controltransmission failing. For example, a first transmission of the data orcontrol transmission may be a grant-free transmission, as describedelsewhere herein. In such a case, the base station may determine thatthe grant-free transmission has failed, and may provide a grant for aretransmission of the data or control transmission using a grant-basedapproach. In some aspects, the retransmission uses orthogonal multipleaccess in at least one of a time domain, a frequency domain, a codedomain, or a spatial domain.

In some aspects, the retransmission uses NOMA in at least one of a timedomain, a frequency domain, a code domain, or a spatial domain. In someaspects, the data or control transmission comprises a random accesspreamble and a data or control channel associated with respectivetransmit powers. In some aspects, the transmit power for the data orcontrol transmission is based at least in part on a grant-free open-looppower control technique that is based at least in part on a UE group ofthe UE. In some aspects, the base station may assign the UE group of theUE based at least in part on a bandwidth of the UE. In some aspects, thebase station may perform UE grouping based at least in part on amodulation order or a code rate of UEs covered by the base station.

Although FIG. 9 shows example blocks of process 900, in some aspects,process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, differentblocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in FIG. 9.Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900may be performed in parallel.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the preciseform disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light ofthe above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. Asused herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software.

Some aspects are described herein in connection with thresholds. As usedherein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value being greater thanthe threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than thethreshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold,not equal to the threshold, and/or the like.

It will be apparent that systems and/or methods, described herein, maybe implemented in different forms of hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software. The actual specialized controlhardware or software code used to implement these systems and/or methodsis not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of thesystems and/or methods were described herein without reference tospecific software code—it being understood that software and hardwarecan be designed to implement the systems and/or methods based, at leastin part, on the description herein.

Even though particular combinations of features are recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are notintended to limit the disclosure of possible aspects. In fact, many ofthese features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in theclaims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependentclaim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosureof possible aspects includes each dependent claim in combination withevery other claim in the claim set. A phrase referring to “at least oneof” a list of items refers to any combination of those items, includingsingle members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intendedto cover a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c, as well as any combinationwith multiples of the same element (e.g., a-a, a-a-a, a-a-b, a-a-c,a-b-b, a-c-c, b-b, b-b-b, b-b-c, c-c, and c-c-c or any other ordering ofa, b, and c).

No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed ascritical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as usedherein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or moreitems, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore,as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include oneor more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination ofrelated and unrelated items, and/or the like), and may be usedinterchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, theterm “one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms“has,” “have,” “having,” and/or the like are intended to be open-endedterms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, atleast in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.

What is claimed is:
 1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication,comprising: a memory; and one or more processors, coupled to the memory,configured to: determine a transmit power for a data or controltransmission, wherein the data or control transmission is a grant-freetransmission; perform the data or control transmission usingnon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in accordance with the transmitpower; determine that the data or control transmission has failed; andperform a retransmission of the data or control transmission using agrant-based approach.
 2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the retransmissionuses orthogonal multiple access in at least one of: a time domain, afrequency domain, a code domain, or a spatial domain.
 3. The UE of claim1, wherein the retransmission uses NOMA in at least one of: a timedomain, a frequency domain, a code domain, or a spatial domain.
 4. TheUE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to determine thetransmit power, are configured to: determine the transmit power based atleast in part on a NOMA-specific resource configuration for referencesignals, data, and control information.
 5. The UE of claim 4, whereinthe NOMA-specific resource configuration includes an indication of areference signal resource index for determining the transmit power. 6.The UE of claim 5, wherein the data or control transmission comprises arandom access preamble and a data or control channel associated withrespective transmit powers, and wherein the one or more processors, todetermine the transmit power for the random access preamble and for thedata or control channel, are configured to: determine the transmit powerfor the random access preamble and for the data or control channel basedat least in part on the NOMA-specific resource configuration.
 7. The UEof claim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to determine thetransmit power for the data or control transmission, are configured to:determine the transmit power for the data or control transmission basedat least in part on a downlink path loss value of the UE.
 8. The UE ofclaim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to determine the transmitpower for the data or control transmission, are configured to: determinethe transmit power for the data or control transmission based at leastin part on a grant-free open-loop power control technique that is basedat least in part on a UE group of the UE.
 9. The UE of claim 8, whereinthe UE group of the UE is assigned based at least in part on a bandwidthof the UE.
 10. The UE of claim 8, wherein the UE is associated with theUE group based at least in part on a modulation order or a code rate ofthe UE.
 11. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication,comprising: a memory; and one or more processors, coupled to the memory,configured to: determine at least one of a downlink path loss value oran uplink path loss value associated with a network entity and the UE;receive an uplink grant, wherein the uplink grant identifies a powercontrol value associated with the network entity; and determine atransmit power for a data or control transmission based at least in parton at least one of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path lossvalue and the power control value.
 12. The UE of claim 11, wherein thedownlink path loss value is based at least in part on a reference signalthat is quasi-collocated with the data or control transmission.
 13. TheUE of claim 11, wherein the downlink path loss value is based at leastin part on a group common control channel or a downlink data channel forbroadcasting and multicasting common system information.
 14. The UE ofclaim 11, wherein the uplink grant is received based at least in part ona scheduling request provided to the network entity, wherein the powercontrol value is based at least in part on the uplink path loss value,and wherein the uplink path loss value is determined using a physicalchannel or a reference signal associated with the scheduling request.15. The UE of claim 11, wherein the transmit power for the data orcontrol transmission is determined based at least in part on at leastone of the downlink path loss value or the uplink path loss value and apower headroom for a group of the UE.
 16. The UE of claim 15, whereinthe one or more processors are further configured to: determine thegroup of the UE; or receive information identifying a radio networktemporary identifier of the group of the UE.
 17. The UE of claim 11,wherein the transmit power is based at least in part on a weightedcombination of at least two of the downlink path loss value, the uplinkpath loss value, and the power control value, and wherein weights forthe weighted combination are different for different UE groups within acell.
 18. A network entity for wireless communication, comprising: amemory; and one or more processors, coupled to the memory, configuredto: transmit configuration information using at least one of systeminformation, radio resource control signaling, or a dynamic uplinkgrant, wherein the configuration information identifies one or moretarget receive powers for a data or control transmission andcorresponding configurations for uplink power control associated withthe one or more target receive powers; transmit information indicatingan uplink path loss value; and receive the data or control transmission,wherein a transmit power of the data or control transmission is based atleast in part on at least one of a downlink path loss value associatedwith a user equipment (UE), the uplink path loss value, or a combinedpath loss value, and wherein the transmit power is based at least inpart on the configuration information.
 19. The network entity of claim18, wherein the configuration information identifies a configurationassociated with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA).
 20. The networkentity of claim 18, wherein the combined path loss value is based atleast in part on: an average path loss value, or a weighted combinationof the downlink path loss value and the uplink path loss value.
 21. Amethod of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE),comprising: determining a transmit power for a data or controltransmission, wherein the data or control transmission is a grant-freetransmission; performing the data or control transmission usingnon-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in accordance with the transmitpower; determining that the data or control transmission has failed; andperforming a retransmission of the data or control transmission using agrant-based approach.
 22. The method of claim 21, wherein theretransmission uses orthogonal multiple access in at least one of: atime domain, a frequency domain, a code domain, or a spatial domain. 23.The method of claim 21, wherein the retransmission uses NOMA in at leastone of: a time domain, a frequency domain, a code domain, or a spatialdomain.
 24. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the transmitpower is based at least in part on a NOMA-specific resourceconfiguration for reference signals, data, and control information. 25.The method of claim 24, wherein the NOMA-specific resource configurationincludes an indication of a reference signal resource index fordetermining the transmit power.
 26. The method of claim 25, wherein thedata or control transmission comprises a random access preamble and adata or control channel associated with respective transmit powers, andwherein determining the transmit power for the random access preambleand for the data or control channel is based at least in part on theNOMA-specific resource configuration.
 27. The method of claim 21,wherein determining the transmit power for the data or controltransmission is based at least in part on a downlink path loss value ofthe UE.
 28. The method of claim 21, wherein determining the transmitpower for the data or control transmission is based at least in part ona grant-free open-loop power control technique that is based at least inpart on a UE group of the UE.
 29. The method of claim 28, wherein the UEgroup of the UE is assigned based at least in part on a bandwidth of theUE.
 30. The method of claim 28, wherein the UE is associated with the UEgroup based at least in part on a modulation order or a code rate of theUE.